Thought Toys · Exhibit 02

The city that sorts itself

Two kinds of people, none of them prejudiced. Each is happy in a mixed neighborhood — they only flinch when they're almost entirely outnumbered. Set how mixed they'll tolerate, press play, and watch a sharply divided city assemble itself out of people who never wanted one.

49%Neighbors alike
0%Want to move
0Rounds

A freshly shuffled, fully mixed city.

group A group B empty
Each person wants at least 33% of their neighbors to be like them
totally easygoingvery particular

What you're seeing

Every square is a person of one of two colors, and everyone here is remarkably easygoing — perfectly content in a mixed neighborhood, as long as they aren't almost entirely surrounded by the other color. The slider sets that one threshold. Even a mild wish — "I just want a third of my neighbors to be like me" — is enough.

Press play. Each unhappy person picks up and hops to a random empty spot. No one is prejudiced. No one is assigned a place to live. And yet the city tears itself into solid blocks of one color, every single time — and the segregation that results is far more extreme than the preference anybody actually holds. That gap between the gentle wish and the stark outcome is the whole point. Slide tolerance down to zero and the mix survives; push it too high and the city never stops twitching, no one ever satisfied.

It's a quiet, unsettling lesson: big collective patterns don't need big intentions behind them. Mild, reasonable, individually harmless preferences can add up to something nobody chose.

The rule, exactly. Each cell is empty or holds one of two types. A person is content when at least T of their occupied neighbors (out of the surrounding eight) share their type; otherwise they move to a random empty cell. Repeat until calm. T — the tolerance slider — is the only knob. (Thomas Schelling's segregation model, 1971; the work contributed to his share of the 2005 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics.)

Thought Toys — a cabinet of explorable explanations. Exhibit 02.